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Astro Steves Astrophysics Blog: Just sayin' science moment #1: States of matter

Thursday, 14 April 2011

Just sayin' science moment #1: States of matter

The 6 states of matter (yes six):
solid, liquid, gas, plasma, fermionic condensate and bose-einstein condensate.

I would hope that everyone, especialy people interested in a blog like this, would know what solid, liquid and gas are and could describe them but the next three arent as well known, in particular the last two.

Plasma is a gas of positive ions and free electrons with little or no overall electric charge. (the probably more commonly known meaning is the colourless fluid part of blood)

Fermionic condensate is a "superfluid phase formed by fermionic particles at low temperatures" and unlike bose-einstein condensate, it is created with fermions (a subatomic particle, such as a nucleon, which has a spin of half an integer, named after Italian physicist Enrico Fermi, 1901-1954)

Bose-einstein condensate is a "dilute gas of weakly interacting interacting bosons" (bosons are also sub-atomic particles and unlike fermions, several of them can occupy the same quantum state, named after Bengali mathematician Satyendra Nath Bose, 1894-1974 and world-famous German theoretical physicist Albert Einstein, 1879-1955) that must be cooled to near absolute zero (0K or -273.15 °C)

Just sayin'.

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